New Zealand Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

New Zealand Politics - Essay Example 457). There can never be a given party dare to jeopardy proceeding to determining election ahead of utilising political marketing tolls with the intention of understanding the New Zealand citizens and have a competitive advantage (Lees-Marshment, 2009). The politicians utilize all pre-elections strategies available, they rebrand themselves; they exploit e-marketing services, conduct research on their opponents and do multiple direct campaigns. In the 2008 election campaigns, the political parties utilised most of these tools, which is no different in 2014. The political parties are relying on all their supporters to vote for them in the coming elections. The Electoral Act of 1993 provides for and governs the present electoral system in New Zealand. New Zealand is a monarchy under the constitution. The Head of State is her majesty Elizabeth II Queen of England for the modelling of the government is adopts British parliamentary system. This is state has a prime minister who heads the opposition and a resident governor general representative of the British monarch. The parliament is New Zealand’s House of Representatives. The prime ministers and the ministers of the crown make up the cabinet. Cabinet members are the members of parliament. New Zealand is a representative democracy and its members of parliament their election is in every three years in the general elections, which are free and fair. Democracy entails fair and periodic elections. The state’s next universal elections will be on 20th September 2014. All the citizens and permanent residents of at least eighteen years old ought to register as voters though not obligatory for them to vote. Nevertheless, the voter turnout in this state is quite high when com pared to other countries (Immigration, 2014). According to Hillman (2009, p.472), â€Å"People may refrain from voting because they think that the probability of their

Financial Crisis 2007-09 Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Financial Crisis 2007-09 - Case Study Example Other factors include surge in subprime mortgages as an answer to high housing speculation and growth of the bubble. The main culprits were lenders, because they were responsible for lending funds without taking into consideration the risk of defaulting. After the central bank lowered interest rates and flooded the market with cash. The lenders, like investors, had ample capital to lend, and more willingness to undertake extra risk to increase their returns. The financial crisis commenced in the US and spread throughout the world. The failure of Lehman Brothers teaches us the importance of risk management because this institution had invested in risky securities loosing much value after the U.S housing bubbles. In addition, the crisis teaches us that it is important to retain the confidence of the financial market because once shattered, it becomes difficult to restore. When such confidence is shattered, it can lead to a full-blown confidence crisis in the entire word. The housing bubble resulted from the enormous savings from developed countries, and the low interest rates that existed in the U.S. Due to the available funds, there was demand for high-yielding investments leading to the housing bubble. Some small banks in the US reduced lending; therefore, governments and consumers could no longer borrow and spend before the crisis. Businesses also had to reduce their workforce because the recession meant less funds. The credit crunch deepened as the losses increased